First, you craft 9 coal into Compressed Coal. If you go into the config file, you can change the value of ‘Renewable’ from 0, to 1, then you can craft compressed coal out of charcoal to make diamonds renewable
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Then you smelt that Compressed Coal into an Diamond Shard:
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Then, you craft those Shards into an Imperfect Diamond:
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Finally, you smelt that into a Diamond Image may be NSFW. Clik here to view.
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Gold
First, craft Infused Iron by surrounding an Iron Ingot with Glow Dust:
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Then, you smelt that into a Gold Ingot:
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Blaze Rods
First, you craft Iron Nuggets out of an Iron Ingot:
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Then, you craft an Iron Rod:
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Finally, you dip the Iron Rod in Lava:
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Red Stone
The only thing you have to do for Red Stone, is combine an Iron Nugget with some Red Dye: